OOP(Object-oriented programming)

 OOP(Object-oriented programming)

• To tackle real-world problems with the concepts of encapsulation, data hiding, inheritance polymorphism, and so on.
• The objective is to store data and function as a single entity. Such a unit is known as an object.
• oops program and contains a number of objects. The data of an object can be accessed via the function associated with it.

Features of OOP:

• OOPS offers several advantages, including improved structure, a focus on data over algorithms, and the ability to hide data from external operations.
• Objects communicate with one another using functions.
• The software architecture takes a bottom-up approach and allows for easy addition of new data and functions as needed.

In conclusion, OOP offers a strong framework for developing and implementing software systems by encapsulating data and behavior in objects, concealing implementation details, encouraging code reuse through inheritance, and enabling flexible behavior through polymorphism. These concepts allow developers to effectively correspond to real-world entities, resulting in more modular, maintainable, and scalable software systems.

Advantages of OOP

• Inheritance allows us to remove unnecessary code and expand the functionality of existing classes.
• The concept of data hiding contributes to security.
• It is possible to have several objects.
• It is simple to divide work in a project according to objects.
• Object-oriented systems may readily scale from small to huge systems.
• Message passing mechanisms for communication among things.
• Code reuse is possible.

Applications of Object Oriented Programming

Main application areas of OOP are:

User interface design - In order to improve usability and user experience, user interface design entails designing aesthetically pleasing and simple interfaces, like windows and menus, to enable effective human-computer interaction.

Real Time Systems - Real-time systems, which are frequently employed in crucial applications like aerospace, telecommunications, and industrial automation, are computing systems built to react to external events or inputs under tight timing limits, guaranteeing timely and deterministic behavior.

Simulation and Modeling - involve creating computer-based models of actual systems or events in order to assess, forecast, or enhance their behavior. This process helps with decision-making and the production of new insights in a variety of fields, including engineering, finance, and healthcare.

Object oriented databases - databases that, like object-oriented programming languages, store data as objects. OODBs arrange data as objects with attributes and methods as opposed to conventional relational databases, which keep data in tables with rows and columns.

Al and Expert System - Expert systems and artificial intelligence (AI) are areas of computer science that aim to build intelligent systems that can replicate human knowledge and cognitive functions. AI is the umbrella term for a wide range of methods, including as robotics, computer vision, natural language processing, machine learning, and robotics, that are used to create autonomous systems with perception, reasoning, and action. 

Neural Networks and parallel programming - Neural networks are computer models that are based on the architecture and operation of the human brain. They are made up of layers of interconnected nodes, or neurons. Scalability and effective use of computing resources are made possible via parallel programming, which is useful for training big neural networks.

Decision support and office automation - software programs intended to help users make decisions and automate daily office chores, respectively.