Operators

 Operators

•         An operator is a symbol that tells the compiler to perform specific mathematical or logical manipulations

•          Most of the operators are binary operators i.e. these operators require two operands to perform an operation. Example: +, -, *

•          Few operators like ++ (increment) operator are the unary operator which means they operate on one operand only. These binary and unary operators are included in Arithmetic operators.

•         There is also a ternary operator  called Conditional Operator (?:) which takes three operands. 

 

Types of operators

1. ·       Arithmetic operators
2. ·       Assignment operators
3. ·       Relational operators
4. ·       Logical operators
5. ·       Bitwise operators

 
Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic operators are used for performing basic mathematical operations on operands.

Operator	Name	Description	Example
+	Addition	Adds together two values	x + y
-	Subtraction	Subtracts one value from another	x - y
*	Multiplication	Multiplies two values	x * y
/	Division	Divides one value by another	x / y
%	Modulus	Returns the division remainder	x % y
++	Increment	Increases the value of a variable by 1	++x
--	Decrement	Decreases the value of a variable by 1	--x

 

Example Program:

package Operators;

//Arithmetic Operators

public class Arithmetic {

public static void main(String args[])

{

int a=123,b=10;

System.out.println("Addition : "+(a+b)); //133

System.out.println("Subtraction : "+(a-b));//113

System.out.println("Multiplication : "+(a*b));//1230

System.out.println("Division : "+(a/b));//12

System.out.println("Modulus : "+(a%b));//3

}

}

package Operators;

public class Unary {

public static void main(String args[])

{

//Unary Operators in Java ++ --

int a=10;

System.out.println(a);//

//a++; //a=a+1

System.out.println(a++);//

System.out.println(a);//

System.out.println(++a);//

System.out.println(a--);//

System.out.println(a);//

System.out.println(--a);//

}

}

Relational Operators

•        Relational or comparison operators are used to compare two operands.

•        The result of the evaluation is either true or false.

 

Operator	Name	Example
==	Equal to	x == y
!=	Not equal	x != y
>	Greater than	x > y
<	Less than	x < y
>=	Greater than or equal to	x >= y
<=	Less than or equal to	x <= y

  Example Program:

package Operators;

public class relational {

public static void main(String args[])

{

int a=100,b=50;

System.out.println("Equal to : "+(a==b));

System.out.println("Not Equal to : "+(a!=b));

System.out.println("Greater than : "+(a>b));

System.out.println("Less than : "+(a<b));

System.out.println("Greater than or equal to : "+(a>=b));

System.out.println("Less than or equal to : "+(a<=b));

}

}

 Logical Operators

•        Logical operators are used for evaluating a combination of conditions/constraints to get a resultant value.

•         The result of the evaluation of a Boolean expression is Boolean which is either true or false.

 

 

Operator	Name	Description	Example
&&	Logical and	Returns true if both statements are true	x < 5 &&  x < 10
||	Logical or	Returns true if one of the statements is true	x < 5 || x < 4
!	Logical not	Reverse the result, returns false if the result is true	!(x < 5 && x < 10)

  Example Program:

package Operators;

public class Logical {

public static void main(String args[])

{

int m1=25,m2=75;

System.out.println("And && : "+(m1>=35 && m2>=35));

System.out.println("Or || : "+(m1>=35 || m2>=35));

}

}

Assignment operators 

•        Assignment operators are used to assign value to a variable. 

 

Operator	Example	Same As
=	x = 5	x = 5
+=	x += 3	x = x + 3
-=	x -= 3	x = x - 3
*=	x *= 3	x = x * 3
/=	x /= 3	x = x / 3
%=	x %= 3	x = x % 3
&=	x &= 3	x = x & 3
|=	x |= 3	x = x | 3
^=	x ^= 3	x = x ^ 3
>>=	x >>= 3	x = x >> 3
<<=	x <<= 3	x = x << 3

 Example Program:

package Operators;

public class Assignment

{

public static void main(String args[])

{

int a=123;

System.out.println(a);

a+=10;

System.out.println(a);

a-=10;//a=a-10

System.out.println(a);

a*=10;

System.out.println(a);

a/=10;

System.out.println(a);

a%=10;

System.out.println(a);

}

}

Conditional Operators:

‘The conditional operator is also known as a temary operator. The conditional statements are the decision-making statements

which depends upon the output of the expression. It is represented by two symbols, e., '?' & ':'

As conditional operator works on three operands, so itis also known as the ternary operator.

The behavior of the conditional operator is similar to the ‘if-else’ statement as ‘if-else’ statement is also a decision-making statement.

Syntax

Expression? expression2: expression3;

package Operators;

public class Conditional {

public static void main(String args[])

{

//Conditional or Ternary Operators in Java ?:

int a=45,b=35,c;

c=a>b?a:b;

System.out.println("The Greatest Number is : "+c);

}

}

Bitwise Operators

Bitwise operators perform operations on integer data at the individual bit-level.

& (bitwise and)

| (bitwise or)

<< (bitwise shift left)

>> (bitwise shift right)

Example Program:

package Operators;

public class Bitwise {

public static void main(String args[])

{

//Bitwise & Shift Operators in Java

int a=25,b=45;

System.out.println("Bitwise And : "+(a&b));

System.out.println("Bitwise Or : "+(a|b));

System.out.println("Bitwise Xor : "+(a^b));

System.out.println("Bitwise Not : "+(~a));

}

}