FEATURES OF JAVA

 Features of Java

1) Simple

Java is easy to learn and its syntax is quite simple, clean, and easy to understand. The confusing and ambiguous concepts of C++ are either left out in Java or they have been re-implemented more cleanly.

Eg: Pointers and Operator Overloading are not there in Java but were an important part of C++.

2) Object Oriented

In Java, everything is an object which has some data and behavior. Java can be easily extended as it is based on the Object Model.

Following are some basic concepts of OOPs.

•        Object

•        Class

•        Inheritance

•        Polymorphism

•        Abstraction

•        Encapsulation

 

3)  Robust

Java makes an effort to eliminate error-prone codes by emphasizing mainly compile-time error checking and runtime checking. The main areas in which Java improved were Memory Management and mishandled Exceptions by introducing automatic Garbage Collectors and Exception Handling.

4) Platform Independent

•         Unlike other programming languages such as C, C++ etc which are compiled into platform-specific machines. Java is guaranteed to be a write-once, run-anywhere language.

•         On compilation Java program is compiled into bytecode or .class file

 •        This bytecode is platform-independent and can be understood by JVM (Java Virtual Machine).

•        The Java Virtual Machine (JVM) is the runtime engine of the Java Platform, which allows Java bytecode to run on any computer that has a native JVM.

Java is a platform for Independent Language

 

 

8) Portable

Java Byte code can be carried to any platform. No implementation-dependent features. Everything related to storage is predefined, for example: the size of primitive data types

9) High Performance

Java is an interpreted language, so it will never be as fast as a compiled language like C or C++. But, Java enables high performance with the use of just-in-time compilers.

10) Distributed

●     Java is also a distributed language.

●     Programs can be designed to run on computer networks.

●      Java has a special class library for communicating using TCP/IP protocols.

●     Creating network connections is very much easy in Java as compared to C/C++.

 JVM (Java Virtual Machine):

•  The JVM is a virtual machine that executes Java bytecode. It provides a runtime environment in which Java applications can run. JVM abstracts the underlying hardware and operating system, allowing Java programs to be platform-independent.
• The JVM takes care of tasks such as memory management, garbage collection, and bytecode interpretation or compilation of native machine code.
• Each Java application runs within its own instance of the JVM.

  

JRE (Java Runtime Environment):

•  The JRE is a package of software components that provide the necessary runtime environment for Java applications to run. It includes the JVM, class libraries, and other supporting files.
• The JRE does not contain development tools such as compilers and debuggers; it is intended for running Java applications only.
• End-users who want to run Java applications on their machines typically install the JRE.

 

JDK (Java Development Kit):

•  The JDK is a full-featured software development kit for Java, containing everything needed to develop Java applications.
• It includes the JRE, development tools (compiler, debugger, etc.), and additional libraries and utilities needed for Java development.
• Developers use the JDK to write, compile, and run Java applications. It provides a comprehensive set of tools for Java development.